India and Its Emerging Foreign Policy Challenges by Roshan Khanijo & Anurag Tripathi

Author:Roshan Khanijo & Anurag Tripathi [Khanijo, Roshan & Tripathi, Anurag]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: International Relations, Political Science, General
ISBN: 9789386457745
Google: Y7b_uQEACAAJ
Goodreads: 39834012
Publisher: VIJ BOOKS INDIA
Published: 2018-10-02T00:00:00+00:00

Around The World

Geo Economics as a Strategy

Dr. Venugopal B. Menon and Mr. Paul Vargheze

Introduction

The basic study of geo-economics should first answer the question of the relevance of the topic. That is, why do we need to look in to strategy and why is geo political strategy being studied with so much interest. When we study the world around us we need to keep in mind certain constraints and parameters; such as the social behaviour which is specific to time or what we call as History, the place or stage where these behaviour act or Geography, and the limit to which we can understand the behaviour or Philosophy. The study of the world is also the study of human nature and his interests. The strategies are of importance when the human interests coincide and collide leading to persuasion and power relationship. Thus, Geo politics is the combined study of all the above and how they all act together. There cannot be politics without political realism and economic aspects of it lie at the core of politics. An individual, or a group of individuals or a nation which possesses economic wealth has resources and these resources are source of power. This explains why economics is the core of political strategy. Thus, in economic terms power is all about acquiring wealth and controlling the actions of others in the market.

Charles Darwin’s Evolutionary theory has been adopted by many economists and social scientists around the globe to explain the behaviour of states. ‘Survival of the fittest’ best explains the rational behaviour of the states and its inhabitants. A state in order to achieve power tries to overpower the other states by taking over the markets and resources of the other state. This weakens the position of the counterpart and he becomes economically dependent and a sub servient of the former. Such situations lead to economic strategizing and alliances. Thus, evolutionary theory also in a way explains the significance of geo-politics (moreover geo-economics) as a subject.

Geo-economics as the word evidently indicates is the study of specific, cultural and tactical aspects of resources with the goal of achieving upper hand over other nation states. It is the amplification of geo-politics in the age of globalisation. In geo-economics, as in war, repulsive weapons dominate. Of these, R&D with government backing and taxpayer’s money is the most noteworthy weapon. The R&D can take over the future and nations investing heavily in R&D will rule the world markets with technological superiority.

Emergence of the term Geo-Economics

The emergence of the idea can be dated back to the Peloponnesian Wars where Thucydides underlined that “The war will not be decided in Attica, as some people think, but at the locations where Attica pulls out its resources”. Years later the French economist François Quesnay proposed that agriculture was the lone root of the wealth of nations. He argued that the productive class of the population created the annual Wealth of Nation by cultivating the land.

The beginning of the 20th century also saw the use of the term, but it corresponded to economic geography.

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